ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Chemicals with a natural reference for controlling water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms
1
Botany Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
Submission date: 2015-04-09
Acceptance date: 2015-06-20
Corresponding author
Tarek Abd El-Ghafar El-Shahawy
Botany Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
Botany Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2015;55(3):294-300
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Life cannot exist without water. Appropriate management of water, from the water’s source to its utilization, is necessary to
sustain life. Aquatic weeds pose a serious threat to aquatic environments and related eco-environments. Short- and long-term planning to control aquatic weeds is extremely important. Water hyacinth,
Eichhornia crassipes
(Mart.) Solms, is one of the world’s worst
pests with a bad reputation as an invasive weed. In this study we are seeking the possibility of using certain chemicals with a natural
background, for controlling water hyacinth since there is a delicate balance that needs to be taken into account when using herbicides in water. Five compounds, namely: acetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, and propionic acid, in three concentrations (10, 15, and
20%) were applied (i.e. as a foliar application under wire-house conditions) and compared with the use of the herbicide glyphosate
(1.8 kg ∙ ha–1). All of the five compounds performed well in the control of the water hyacinth. As expected, the efficacy increased as
the concentration was increased from 10 to 20%. With formic and propionic acids, the plants died earlier than when the other acids
or the herbicide glyphosate, were used. Acetic acid came after formic and propionic acids in terms of efficacy. Citric acid ranked last.
Formic acid/propionic acid mixtures showed superior activity in suppressing water hyacinth growth especially at the rate of (8 : 2) at
the different examined concentrations (3 or 5 or 10%) compared to the formic acid/acetic acid mixtures. Using the formic acid/propionic acid mixture (8 : 2; at 3%) in the open field, provided good control and confirmed the viability of these chemicals in the effective
control of water hyacinth. Eventually, these chemical treatments could be used on water for controlling water hyacinth. In the future,
these chemicals could probably replace the traditional herbicides widely used in this regard. These chemicals are perceived as environmentally benign for their rapid degradation to carbon dioxide and water. For maximum efficiency thorough coverage especially
in bright sunlight is essential.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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