Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) has emerged as an alternative of sugarcane crop, mainly utilized for sugar extraction which has significant industrial value with great nutritional impact. Different kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses are considered to be the major barrier for sugar beet cultivation. As per the current scenario, every year sugar beet production has been suffering a huge yield loss due to various stresses. Conventional breeding technique is a time-consuming lengthy procedure which can be replaced by genetic transformation technique to bring new transgenetic trait within a short period. Sugar beet has proven to be the finest sample material for in vitro culture technique for haploid plant creation, protoplast culture, somaclonal variation, and single cell culture, among others. Agrobacterium mediated and PEG- mediated transformations are the most effective genomic transformation in case of sugar beet. Development of new traits in terms of fungus/virus, pest/nematode tolerance, herbicide and salt tolerance are the most expected traits in the current scenario in case of sugar beet production. Potential transgenic plants are the true alternative of traditional expression system for end product (protein) development with more accuracy. So, transgenic production through genome editing/base editing is considered to be one of the best modern tool kit for sugar beet tolerant traits development. Food safety and environmental impacts are two major concerns for genetic transformation in sugar beet which needs to screen through proper scientific way for public health and more acceptability.