ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The use of fungicide alternatives for controlling postharvest decay of strawberry and orange fruits
 
More details
Hide details
1
Department of Plant Pathology National Research Centre El-Behoos St., 12622 Giza, Egypt
 
 
Corresponding author
El-Mougy Nehal S.
Department of Plant Pathology National Research Centre El-Behoos St., 12622 Giza, Egypt
 
 
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2008;48(3):385-395
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Control measures of postharvest diseases of strawberry and navel orange fruits using hydrogen peroxide, calcium chloride and chitosan were evaluated under in vitro and in vivo conditions. All tested concentrations of chemicals used were able to reduce the linear growth and spore germination of B. cinerea; R. stolonifer; P. digitatum and P. italicum. Complete inhibition of linear growth and spore germination was obtained with concentrations of 1.5 and 2.0% of all treatments. Under storage conditions, significant reduction in descending order of mould incidence was observed in strawberry and orange fruits treated with ascending concentrations of calcium chloride, hydrogen peroxide and chitosan. Obtained data revealed significant reduction in mould incidence in fruits when treated by calcium chloride and chitosan 12h before artificial inoculation with the mould pathogens, while hydrogen peroxide showed the opposite result. The present study demonstrated that the application of hydrogen peroxide is superior to treatment with calcium chloride or chitosan enhanced the control activity against mould pathogens which as it expressed was as either percentage of diseased fruits or decay development as rotted tissue weight of strawberry and navel orange. The applied tested chemical might act as contact and systemic fungicides which have a protective or therapeutic effect.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
 
REFERENCES (36)
1.
Abd-El-Kareem F., El-Mohamedy R., Abd-Alla M.A. 2001. Effect of chitosan on postharvest diseases of lime fruits. Egypt. J. Phytopathol. 30 (1): 115–125.
 
2.
Agrios G.N. 1988. Plant Pathology. 3 ed. Academic Press, Inc.
 
3.
Bateman D.F. 1964. An induced mechanism of tissue resistance to polygalactouronase in Rhizoctonia infected hypocotyls of beans. Phytopathology 54: 438–445.
 
4.
Brown G.E., Barmore C.R. 1983. Resistance of healed citrus exocarp to penetration by Penicillium digitatum. Phytopathology 73: 691–694.
 
5.
Conway W.S., Sams C.E. 1984. Possible mechanisms by which postharvest calcium treatment reduces decay in apples. Phytopathology 74: 208–210.
 
6.
Conway W.S., Gross K.C., Sams C.E. 1987. Relationship of bound calcium and inoculum concentration to the effect of postharvest calcium treatment on decay of apples by Penicillium expansum. Plant Dis. 71: 78–80.
 
7.
Conway W.S., Gross K.C., Boyer C.D., Sams C.E. 1988. Inhibition of Penicillium expansum polygalacturonase activity by increased apple cell wall calcium. Phytopathology 78: 1052–1055.
 
8.
Conway S.W., Sams C.E., McGuire R.G., Kelman A. 1992. Calcium treatment of apples and potatoes to reduce postharvest decay. Plant Dis. 76: 329–333.
 
9.
Conway S.W., Sams C.E., Wang C.Y., Abbott J.A. 1994. Additive effects of postharvest calcium and heat treatments on reducing decay and maintaining quality in apples. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 119: 49–53.
 
10.
Ceponis M.J., Cappelline R.A., Lightner G.W. 1987. Disorders in sweet cherry and strawberry shipments to the New York market. Plant Dis. 71: 472–475.
 
11.
Droby S., Wisniewski M.E., Cohen L., Weiss B., Touitou D., Eilam Y., Chalutz E. 1997. Influence of CaCl2 on Penicillium digitatum, grapefruit peel tissue, and biocontrol activity of Pichia guilliermondii. Phytopathology 87 (3): 310–315.
 
12.
Du J., Gemma H., Iwahori S. 1997. Effect of chitosan coating on the storage of peach, Japanese pear and kiwifruit. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 66: 15–22.
 
13.
Eckert J.W., Brown G.E. 1986. `Postharvest citrus disease and their control. p. 160–185. In: “Fresh citrus fruits”. (W.F. Wordwski, S. Nagy, W. Grierson, eds.). Westpor.
 
14.
El-Gaouth A., Arul R., Ponnamapalam R., Buoler M. 1991. Chitosan coating effect on stability and quality of fresh strawberries. J. Food Sci. 56: 1618–1620.
 
15.
El-Gaouth A., Arul J., Grenier J., Asselin A. 1992. Antifungal activity of Chitosan on two postharvest pathogens of strawberry fruits. Phytopathology 82: 398–402.
 
16.
El-Kazzaz M.K., Sommer N.F., Forrlage R. 1983. Effect of different atmosphere on postharvest decay and quality of fresh strawberries. Phytopathology 73: 282– 285.
 
17.
El-Mougy N.S., Abd El-Kareem F., Abd Alla M.A. 2002. Postharvest diseases control: Preventive effect of chitosan and bioagents against green and gray moulds of apple fruits. Egypt. J. Phytopathol. 30 (1): 99–113.
 
18.
El-Mougy N.S., El-Gamal N.G., Fotouh Y.O., Abd-El-Kareem F. 2006. Evaluation of different application methods of chitin and chitosan for controlling tomato root rot disease under greenhouse and field conditions. Res. J. Agricul. Biol. Sci. 2 (4): 207–212.
 
19.
Fredrickson, B. 2005. Hydrogen Peroxide and Horticulture. http://www.quickgrow.com/garde....
 
20.
Juven B.J., Pierson M.D. 1996. Antibacterial effects of hydrogen peroxide and methods for its detection and quantity. J. Food Prot. 59 (11):1233–1241.
 
21.
Hadwiger L.A., Loschke D.C. 1981. Molecular communication in host-parasite interactions: Hexosamine polymers (chitosan) as regulator compounds in race-specific and other interactions. Phytopathology 71: 756–762.
 
22.
Leuba J.L., Stossel P. 1986. Chitosan and other polyamines: Antifungal activity and interaction with biological membranes. p. 215–222. In: “Chitin in Nature and Technology” (R. Muzzarelli, G.W. Goody, eds). Plenum Press, New York.
 
23.
Li C., Kader A.A. 1989. Residual effect of controlled atmosphere on postharvest physiology and quality of strawberries. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 114: 629–634.
 
24.
Lien J.D., Conway W.S., Whitaker B.D., Sams C.E. 1997. Botrytis cinerea decay in apples is inhibited by postharvest heat and calcium treatments. J. Am. Soci. Hortic. Sci. 122: 91–94.
 
25.
Maouni1 A., Lamarti A., Aidoun A., Khaddor M., Badoc A. 2007. Effect of benzimidazole fungicides and calcium chloride on Alternaria alternata and Penicillium expansum rot during storage of pears. Afric.J. Biotec. 6 (11): 1289–1292.
 
26.
Miller S. 2006. Can Hydrogen Peroxide (or Dioxide–H2O2) Control Plant Disease?. VegNet Vol. 13, No. 17. Ohio State University Extension Vegetable Crops. http://vegnet.osu.edu.
 
27.
Morris S.C. 1982. Synergism of Geotrichum candidum and Penicillium in infected citrus fruit. Phytopathology 72: 136–139.
 
28.
Piano S., Neyrotti V., Migheli Q., Gullino M.L. 1997. Biocontrol capability of Metschnikowia pulcherrima against Botrytis postharvest rot of apple. Postharv. Biol. Technol. 11: 131–40.
 
29.
Poovaiah B.W.1986. Role of calcium in prolonging storage life of fruits and vegetables. Food Technol. 40: 86–89.
 
30.
Ralph S. 2003. Biological organism reduction with hydrogen peroxide. Controlled Environments Magazine. http://www.cemag.us/articles.a....
 
31.
Saftner R.A., Conway W.S., Sams C.E. 1997. Effects of some polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors and calcium chloride on in vitro growth and decay development in apples caused by Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum. J. Am. Soci. Horti. Sci. 122: 380–385.
 
32.
Sapers G.M. Simmons G.F. 1998. Hydrogen peroxide disinfection of minimally processed fruits and vegetables. Food Technol. 52 (2):48–52.
 
33.
Sholberg P.L. 2004. Bin and storage room sanitation. Washington tree fruit postharvest conference. December 8th, 2004, Yakima, WA 1–8. WSU-Tfrec Psotharvest Information Network. http://postharvest.tfrec.wsu.e....
 
34.
Spotts R.A., Cervantes L.A. 1986. Populations, pathogenicity, and benomyl resistance of Botrytis spp. Penicillium spp and Mucor piriformis in packinghouses. Plant Dis. 70: 106–108.
 
35.
Steel R.G.D., Torrie J.H. 1980. Principles and Pocedures of Statistics.McGraw- Hill Book Company Inc. New York, 481 pp.
 
36.
Tian S.P., Fan Q., Xu Y., Jiang A.L. 2002. Effects of calcium on biocontrol activity of yeast antagonists against the postharvest fungal pathogen Rhizopus stolonifer Plant Pathology 51 (3): 352–358.
 
eISSN:1899-007X
ISSN:1427-4345
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top