ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Combinations of spintor with botanical powders as toxicants against red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
| 1 | Department of Crop and Environmental Protection, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria |
| 2 | Fruit Improvement Unit, National Horticultural Research Institute, Ibadan, Nigeria |
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Samuel Adelani Babarinde
Department of Crop and Environmental Protection, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Department of Crop and Environmental Protection, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Submission date: 2022-12-12
Acceptance date: 2023-02-24
Online publication date: 2023-06-07
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2023;63(2):254–262
HIGHLIGHTS
- Five botanical powders were admixed with Spintor® and evaluated as toxicants against Tribolium castaneum.
- Citrus species admixed with spintor and applied at 500 mg/kg killed higher T. castaneum than what was observed in the mixture with other plants.
- Admixing spintor with any of the Citrus powders {at 1:1 (w/w)} applied at 500 mg/kg seed is recommended.
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Postharvest insect pests constitute major threats to food security because they cause
qualitative and quantitative damage to agricultural produce. Therefore, eco-friendly and
cost-effective measures should be used for their management. In this study, five botanical
powders (Trema orientalis and Crataeva religiosa leaves; and Citrus tangelo, Citrus maxima
and Citrus aurantifolia peels) were admixed with Spintor® [1.25 active ingredient (a.i.)
mg · kg–1] and evaluated as toxicants against Tribolium castaneum. Each botanical powder
and spintor was solely applied at 1000 mg · kg–1 millet seeds. Spintor-botanical powder
mixtures admixed at a ratio of 1 : 1 (w/w) were applied at 500 and 1000 mg · kg–1,
corresponding to 0.313 and 0.625 a. i. mg · kg–1 for spintor in the mixtures, respectively.
On the 14th day of exposure, the Citrus species admixed with spintor and applied at
500 mg · kg–1 evoked significantly (p < 0.05) higher percentage mortality (72.22–90.28%)
than what was observed in the mixture of spintor with T. orientalis (22.08%) or the mixture
of spintor with C. religosa (17.92%) applied at 500 mg · kg–1. There was a significant difference
(p < 0.05) in the Kaplan-Meier estimates of the treatments against the insects. The
time required to kill 50% of the assayed insects (LT50) when Citrus species were admixed
with spintor at 500 mg · kg–1 (10 days) was shorter than 14 days observed in the mixture of
spintor with T. orientalis or C. religiosa. Therefore, admixing spintor with any of the Citrus
powders [at 1 : 1 (w/w)] applied at 500 mg · kg–1 seed is recommended for the protection of
millet seeds against T. castaneum.
RESPONSIBLE EDITOR
Tomasz Klejdysz
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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