ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Performance evaluation of a UAV granule spreader in controlling rice striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis)
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1
Department of Research on Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
 
2
Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
 
3
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
 
 
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
 
 
Submission date: 2024-09-08
 
 
Acceptance date: 2025-01-15
 
 
Online publication date: 2025-12-10
 
 
Corresponding author
Mahmoud safari   

Department of Research on Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
 
 
 
HIGHLIGHTS
  • The rice plant is one of the most important crops
  • The granule spreading method is preferable
  • The UAV granule spreading is recommended
  • The striped stem borer hides inside the plant stem
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The rice striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) is a significant pest of rice fields. This pest is mainly controlled using chemical methods. In this research, the various pest control techniques including solution pesticide spraying (Fipronil SC 5%, l · ha–1 or 50 g · ha–1 active substance) and granule spreading (Fipronil G 0.2%, 20 kg · ha–1 or 40g · ha–1 active substances) were evaluated. The study included the following treatments: solution pesticide spraying with a UAV sprayer, spraying with a knapsack mist blower (KMB) sprayer, spraying with a knapsack motorized lance (KML) sprayer, hand granule spreading (HGS), granule spreading with a UAV granule spreader, and control (no application). The treatments were carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The results indicated that the average consumed solution volume was 207.3, 195.6, and 18.2 l · ha–1 for KML, KMB, and UAV sprayers, respectively. The UAV sprayer had the lowest drift at 13%, while the KML sprayer had the highest at 51.57%. The yield of granule pesticide spreading was found to be higher than that of solution pesticide spraying. The granule spraying methods were more efficient than solution pesticide spraying in controlling the pest. The efficiency of HGS and UAV granule spreader methods was 87.25% and 79.7%, respectively, while the efficiency of the UAV, KMB, and KML sprayers was 72.7%, 79.9%, and 77.8%, respectively. The results also showed that the granule-spreading methods were more effective in controlling live larvae than solution pesticide spraying. In terms of income increase, the UAV granule spreader was found to be more profitable than the UAV sprayer, KMB sprayer, and KML sprayer, with increases of $109.2, $112.6, and $83.5 per hectare, respectively. The study recommends the use of the UAV granule spreader for controlling rice striped stem borers based on technical and economic evaluations of different pesticide application methods.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Sharifian, the esteemed manager of Yaran Sirang Flight Company for his valuable and effective collaboration in this project.
RESPONSIBLE EDITOR
Zbigniew Czaczyk
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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