ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Selection of banana mutants for Fusarium wilt resistance using in vitro and in vivo techniques with pathogen filtrate and conidia of Fusarium
1
Biology, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta, Indonesia
2
Agronomy and Horticulture, Institute Pertanian Bogor University, Meranti, Bogor, Indonesia
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2025-05-24
Acceptance date: 2025-10-14
Online publication date: 2026-08-28
Corresponding author
HIGHLIGHTS
- Foc culture filtrate (CFF) effectively selected banana insensitive variants
- Conidial suspension culture of pathogen could select plant putative resistance to Foc
- in vitro followed by in vivo selection is strategy to identify resistant plant
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is the most destructive fungus that causes
Fusarium wilt disease, which has led to the loss of some banana germplasm. This research
aims to identify banana mutants (Musa acuminata, AAA) resistant to Fusarium wilt using
both in vitro selection with culture fluid filtrate (CFF) and in vivo selection methods with
conidia of Foc Tropical Race 4 (TR4). Explants from in vitro shoot mutants, derived from
gamma irradiation, were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog’s media supplemented with
increasing concentrations of Culture Fluid Filtrate of Foc, ranging from 40% to 60% (v/v).
This study demonstrates that the technique effectively selected banana shoots that were
insensitive to CFF from Foc. The presence of CFF as a selective agent reduced the growth
of the banana shoots by 13.88% to 48.99%, depending on the gamma irradiation dose from
which the variants originated. A correlation analysis revealed a strong negative relationship
(R² = 0.70) between CFF concentration and the shoots and nodule-like meristems produced.
In vivo selection using a conidial suspension of Foc TR4 at a concentration of
2.5 × 107 ml–1 resulted in 118 plants (23.7%) surviving. Evaluation of banana plants in the
greenhouse 24 weeks after infection identified 28 plants (34.6%) from the selected mutans
as potentially resistant to Fusarium wilt; most of these plants originated from gamma-irradiated
explants at doses of 30 and 50 Gy. This study demonstrates that developing a banana
mutant cultivar, ‘Ampyang’, which is resistant to Fusarium wilt, through gamma irradiation
and both in vitro and in vivo selection, is a promising method for identifying resistant
plants. However, further assessments via molecular characterization and field evaluations
in disease-endemic areas are necessary to confirm the resistance of the obtained mutants.
RESPONSIBLE EDITOR
Karlos Lisboa
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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