ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Trichoderma asperellum in the biocontrol of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense
1
Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
2
Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
3
Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
4
Laboratório de Processos de Engenharia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
5
Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2023-09-01
Acceptance date: 2023-10-18
Online publication date: 2023-10-26
Corresponding author
Mateus Alves Saldanha
Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2023;63(4):488-498
HIGHLIGHTS
- Trichoderma asperellum decreased mycelial growth of L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense.
- The best condition for the production of T. asperellum filtrates with inhibitory action was pH 5, 100 rpm of agitation, 50 g · l–1 of sucrose and 105 spores · ml–1.
- T. asperellum isolates produced chitinase and compounds with biocontrol potential.
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense are pathogens causing
trunk canker in Carya illioniensis and there are still no reports of effective forms of
control. However, biological control is a promising measure. The objective of this work
was to isolate, identify and evaluate the action of Trichoderma spp. in the in vitro control
of L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense and to identify the compounds produced by
the antagonist. Trichoderma spp. was identified by molecular technique and morphologically
characterized. The antagonistic action of T. asperellum isolates (obtained from the
rhizospheric soil, and of an isolate obtained from a commercial formulation) was evaluated
by pairing cultures and volatile metabolites on L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense.
Optimization of the cultivation method of T. asperellum was carried out and the compounds
produced by the antagonist were identified by gas chromatography. Isolates obtained
from the soil were identified as T. asperellum and decreased mycelial growth of
L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense in the crop pairing test (48.98% S6 x Qt), as well as by
volatile metabolites (29.85% SM21 x TR4). The cultivation conditions that generated the
filtrates with the greatest antifungal action used 20 g · l–1 of corn maceration water, yeast extract
7.5 g · l–1, pH 5, agitation 100 rpm, sucrose 50 g · l–1, inoculum concentration 105 spores
· ml–1. Among the identified compounds, some stood out for having bioactive action, such as
pyran derivatives, celidoniol, deoxy, pentadecanoicacid, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl,
propanoicacid, 1-methylethyl ester and 9-octadecenoic acid. The T. asperellum isolates
showed potential for biocontrol in vitro, acting by different mechanisms.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors wish to thank Coordination for the Improvement
of National Council of Technological and
Scientific Development (CNPq) for the scholarships
and for financial support to Marlove Muniz, Marcio
Mazutti and Giovani Zabot who express their thanks
for the productivity grants.
RESPONSIBLE EDITOR
Iwona Adamska
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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