ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Antifungal activity of Streptomyces spp. against Pyrenophora tritici-repentis the causal agent of tan spot in wheat
1
Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
2
Embrapa Clima Temperado, Estação Experimental Terras Baixas, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
3
Departamento de Central Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2023-04-04
Acceptance date: 2023-06-23
Online publication date: 2023-09-04
Corresponding author
Priscila Monteiro Pereira
Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2023;63(3):331-339
HIGHLIGHTS
- The effect of Streptomyces strains and their metabolites against Pyrenophora tritici-repentis were evaluated.
- Hyphae of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis were altered by Streptomyces cell-free culture in several concentrations.
- Seedlings of wheat treated with antagonists and their metabolites had biomass gain and lesser tan spot symptoms than untreated plants.
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr), is a worrisome destructive foliar
disease of wheat-growing areas around the world. Streptomyces spp. have been investigated
as biocontrol agents because they beneficially interact with host plants and produce important
bioactive substances that can act in the suppression of diseases in plants. In the
present study, antifungal activity and plant growth-promoting of Streptomyces spp. strains
6(4), R18(6), and their consortium, were evaluated through in vitro and greenhouse assays.
The Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight
Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS) technique was used to analyze the crude extract
of each strain. The results of the in vitro tests showed that the 6(4) metabolites caused
several abnormalities in the conidial germination of Ptr. This strain also produced indole
acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores. Strain R18(6) did not alter conidial germination of
Ptr, and produced IAA and phosphate solubilizers. In the greenhouse, the treatment ‘seed
inoculation plus foliar spray’ with streptomycetes propagules and metabolites contributed
to biomass gain, with no statistical difference between the strains (p < 0.05). Treatments
with 6(4) ‘seed inoculation’, ‘seed inoculation plus foliar spray’, and consortium ‘seed inoculation’
showed the lowest percentage of injured area compared to other treatments
(p < 0.05). UHPLC-QTOF MS data showed that erucamide is present in the culture of 6(4),
but not in the culture of R18(6). Therefore, this substance is one of those involved in Ptr
hyphal abnormalities, and R18(6) use indirect mechanisms of action to control Ptr. We
concluded that these Streptomyces spp. and their metabolites have a promising potential for
biological control of Ptr to protect wheat plants from tan spot damage.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We want to thank Professor Marcelo Gravina de Moraes for support in
the greenhouse experiments.
FUNDING
This research was funded by the Brazilian Federal Government
Agency Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamente de
Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).
RESPONSIBLE EDITOR
Joanna Pulawska
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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