ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Figure from article: Emulsion-based...
 
HIGHLIGHTS
  • Emulsion-based bioformulations showed great potential to suppress A. solani in field
  • Bioformulations of T. harzianum and T. viride efficiently protected tomato plants
  • The bioformulation easy to apply as foliar treatment
  • Effect of bioformulations was comparable to difenoconazole and better than AldermTM
  • Bioformulations could be used as a component of integrated disease management
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ABSTRACT
Tomato production has seriously suffered due to the infestation of early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani worldwide. To manage this disease sustainably, two newly developed emulsion-based bioformulations of Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and T. viride AMUTV-3 were explored for the bio-management of A. solani under field conditions. For comparison, pure cultures of T. harzianum AMUTH-1, T. viride AMUTV-3 and Pseudomonas fluorescens AMUPF-1, Alderm™ (commercial Trichoderma formulation), and fungicide (difenoconazole) were used as benchmarks. Inoculation of A. solani AMUAS-1 under field conditions caused severe damage to tomato plants with 72% early blight severity and 19% reduction in the yield. However, foliar application of T. harzianum AMUTH-1 and T. viride AMUTV-3 bioformulations resulted in a significant enhancement of the plant-growth parameters (35-41%), and tomato yield (29-32%), a correspondingly significant decline in blight severity (78-82%) and phylloplane population of A. solani (71-74%). The effects of both bioformulations were comparable to difenoconazole and were better than Alderm™. The obtained results evidenced a great potential to use the newly developed bioformulations of T. harzianum AMUTH-1 and T. viride AMUTV-3 against A. solani. Foliar application with these bioformulations efficiently protected tomato plants from early blight pathogen without adversely affecting the environment, suggesting that these bioformulations could be used as an independent or a component of integrated disease management.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
eISSN:1899-007X
ISSN:1427-4345
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