ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Evaluation of germination and vigor indices associated with Fusarium-infected seeds in pre-basic seeds wheat fields
1
Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2018-08-03
Acceptance date: 2019-02-21
Online publication date: 2019-03-18
Corresponding author
Farshid Hassani
Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2019;59(1):69–85
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Seed-borne diseases of wheat such as Fusarium head blight (FHB), a fungal disease
caused by several species of Fusarium, results in reduced yield and seed quality. The
aim of this study was to identify the Fusarium species, the effect of Fusarium-infected
seeds on germination and vigor indices and to determine the location of Fusarium
spp. in seeds, as well as to investigate the pathogenicity and variability of aggressiveness
of the isolates obtained from pre-basic seeds wheat fields in Iran. According to
morphological and molecular characters, the species F. graminearum, F. culmorum,
F. avenaceum and F. poae were identified. Among the isolates, F. graminearum was
the predominant species with the highest frequency and relative density of 92.9% and
70.9%, respectively. We observed that germination and vigor indices were decreased due
to increased Fusarium-infected seeds. Results indicated significant differences among
cultivars and seed-borne Fusarium levels. While a higher infection level of Fusarium
spp. most commonly occurred in the seed coat, only F. graminearum was observed
in embryos. Our study about pathogenicity showed that 77.3% of the Fusarium spp.
isolates were not pathogenic and 22.7% isolates of Fusarium spp. were pathogenic or
weakly pathogenic. Our results indicated that variability in aggressiveness among isolates of a species and positive correlation may be determined by pathogenicity tests. This is the first time the location of Fusarium spp. in seeds has been identified. It is also the first time that Fusarium-infected seeds in pre-basic seeds wheat fields of Iran have been evaluated.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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