REVIEW
Sweet potato pests: Perspectives on the use of pheromones for control and monitoring
1
Natural Products Research Laboratory, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, Maceió, Brazil
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2024-11-25
Acceptance date: 2025-01-20
Online publication date: 2026-06-15
Corresponding author
Josias Jordão Andrade Alves
Natural Products Research Laboratory, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, Maceió, Brazil
Natural Products Research Laboratory, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, Maceió, Brazil
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2026;66(2):135-147
HIGHLIGHTS
- Identification of key pheromones for major sweet potato pests
- Pheromones enhance sustainable pest management in sweet potato
- Advances in pheromone traps optimize pest monitoring
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Sweet potato production is mainly concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions, especially
in developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. It is a rustic crop fundamental
to the population’s food security. More research needs to be conducted on the crop,
especially on the chemical ecology of insects that affect the plant. This review shows the
main pests that affect sweet potato production and presents insect pheromones and their
efficiency in semi-field and field tests with different releasers. Small farmers use cultural,
biological, and chemical methods to reduce insect pest damage. With the advancement
of new research, behavioral control is a growing practice, e.g., sex pheromones are used
to monitor and control pests. This practice is possible because of studies on the chemical
ecology of insects. There is a need to use specific and safe low-cost strategies associated
with IPM. This review aimed to present a compilation of the leading pheromone options
for controlling insects that affect sweet potato production, in order to assist in decision-
-making in the study of new pheromones from known pests and a combination of pheromones
with other control strategies.
RESPONSIBLE EDITOR
Anna Tratwal
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
REFERENCES (81)
1.
Akagi A., Fukushima S., Okada K., Jiang C.-J., Yoshida R., Nakayama A., Shimono M., Sugano S., Yamane H., Takatsuji H. 2014. WRKY45-dependent priming of diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthesis in rice and the role of cytokinin in triggering the reaction. Plant Molecular Biology 86 (1): 171–183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103....
2.
Alam M.K. 2021. A comprehensive review of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam): Revisiting the associated health benefits. Trends in Food Science & Technology 115: 512–529. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs....
3.
Ames T. International Potato Center, 1997. Sweetpotato: major pests, diseases, and nutritional disorders. International Potato Center, Lima, Peru.
4.
Anyanga M.O., Farman D.I., Ssemakula G.N., Mwanga R.O.M., Stevenson P.C. 2021. Effects of hydroxycinnamic acid esters on sweetpotato weevil feeding and oviposition and interactions with Bacillus thuringiensis proteins. Journal of Pest Science 94 (3): 783–794. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340....
5.
Anyanga M.O., Muyinza H., Talwana H., Hall D.R., Farman D.I., Ssemakula G.N., Mwanga R.O.M., Stevenson P.C. 2013. Resistance to the weevils Cylas puncticollis and Cylas brunneus conferred by sweetpotato root surface compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 61 (34): 8141–8147. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf4024....
6.
Anyanga M.O., Yada B., Yencho G.C., Ssemakula G.N., Alajo A., Farman D.I., Mwanga R.O.M., Stevenson P.C. 2017. Segregation of hydroxycinnamic acid esters mediating sweetpotato weevil resistance in storage roots of sweet potato. Frontiers in Plant Science 8.
7.
Berger, R.S., Canerday, T.D., 1968. Specificity of the Cabbage Looper Sex Attractant. Journal of Economic Entomology. 61 (2): 452–454 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/61....
8.
Blassioli-Moraes M.C., Borges M., Viana A.R., Laumann R.A., Miranda J.E., Magalhães D.M., Birkett M.A. 2016. Identification and field evaluation of the sex pheromone of a Brazilian population of Spodoptera cosmioides. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 51: 545–554. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-....
9.
Bowers W.S., Nault L.R., Webb R.E., Dutky S.R. 1972. Aphid alarm pheromone: isolation, identification, synthesis. Science (New York, N.Y.). 177 (4054): 1121–1122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/scienc....
10.
Braun A.R., Van De Fliert E. 1999. Evaluation of the impact of sweetpotato weevil (Cylas formicarius) and of the effectiveness of Cylas sex pheromone traps at the farm level in Indonesia. International Journal of Pest Management 45 (2): 101–110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/096708....
11.
Broglio S.M.F., Trindade R.C.P., Cavalcante M., Ferreira P.V. 2011. Avaliação dos danos causados por lagartas desfolhadoras em clones de batata-doce. Revista Raízes e Amidos Tropicais 7: 53–61.
12.
Bushra S., Tariq M. 2014. How aphid alarm pheromone can control aphids: a review. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 47 (13): 1563–1573. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/032354....
13.
Cabrera Walsh G., Ávila C.J., Cabrera N., Nava D.E., de Sene Pinto A., Weber D.C. 2020. Biology and management of pest Diabrotica species in South America. Insects 11 (7): 421. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/insect....
14.
Capinera J.L. 2020. Order Coleoptera – beetles, white grubs, and wireworms. Chapter 5. p. 63–204. In: “Handbook of Vegetable Pests" (Capinera J.L., ed.). 2nd ed. Academic Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0....
15.
Cavalcante J.T., Ferreira P.V., Costa K.D. da S., Carvalho I.D.E. de, Tenório A.T., Silva J. da, 2013. Ocorrência da broca do coleto (Megastes spp.) no banco de germoplasma de batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) do SMGP-CECA/UFAL. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 8 (4): 111–115.
16.
Chuman T., Guss P.L., Doolittle R.E., McLaughlin J.R., Krysan J.L., Schalk J.M., Tumlinson J.H. 1987. Identification of female-produced sex pheromone from banded cucumber beetle, Diabrotica balteata leconte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology. 13 (7): 1601–1616. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0098....
17.
Deutsch C.A., Tewksbury J.J., Tigchelaar M., Battisti D.S., Merrill S.C., Huey R.B., Naylor R.L. 2018. Increase in crop losses to insect pests in a warming climate. Science 361 (6405): 916–919. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/scienc....
18.
Devi M., Niranjana R.F., Kalieswari N. 2016. Evaluation of cultural control practices in the management of sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) (Apionidae : Colepotera). International Journal of Forestry and Crop Improvement 7 (1): 24–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15740/HAS/I....
19.
Diagne A. 2004. Seasonal occurrence of Phyllophaga species and biological studies of Phyllophage ephilida (Say) on sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam, in Louisiana. LSU Doctoral Dissertations. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31390/grads....
20.
Diagne A., Story R.N., Hammond A.M, 2006. Adult Phyllophaga ephilida host plant feeding preference. Florida Entomologist 89 (3): 391–395. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1653/0015-4....
21.
Downham M.C.A., Smit N.E.J.M., Laboke P.O., Hall D.R., Farman D.I., Braun A., Odongo B., 1999. Specificity of response to sex pheromones among sweet potato weevils, Cylas puncticollis and C. brunneus. Journal of Chemical Ecology 25 (3): 591–609. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020....
22.
Edde P.A. 2012. A review of the biology and control of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) the lesser grain borer. Journal of Stored Products Research 48: 1–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr....
23.
Ekanayakei H.M.R.K., Abeysinghei A.M.C.P., Toida Y., 2001. Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes as bio-control agents of sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius (FABRICIUS) (Coleoptera: Brenthidae). Nematological Research (Japanese Journal of Nematology) 31 (1–2): 19–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3725/jjn199....
24.
Fanou A.A., Baimey H., Totin A., 2019. Effect of entomopathogenic nematodes under laboratory conditions on Cylas puncticollis pest of sweet potato in Benin. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. 13 (1): 452. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.....
25.
FAOSTAT. 2021. Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy. Available at: https://www.fao.org/faostat/.
26.
Firon N., LaBonte D., Villordon A., McGregor C., Kfir Y., Pressman E. 2009. Botany and physiology: Storage root formation and development. p. 13–26. In: “The Sweetpotato.” (Loebenstein G., Thottappilly G., eds.). Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-....
27.
França F.H., Ritschel P.S. 2002. Avaliação de acessos de batata-doce para resistência à broca-da-raiz, crisomelídeos e elaterídeos. Horticultura Brasileira 20: 79–85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-....
28.
Gapasin R., Lim J., Oclarit E., Ubaub L., Alde M. 2016. Occurrence and distribution of entomopathogenic nematodes in sweet potato fields in the Philippines and their implication in the biological control of sweet potato weevil. Horticulturae 3 (1): 22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/hortic....
29.
Goulart H.F., Lima M.R.F., Morais R.K.S. de, Bernardo V.B. 2015. Feromônios: Uma Alternativa Verde para o Manejo Integrado de Pragas. Revista Virtual de Química 7 (4): 1205–1224.
30.
Guertal E.A., Bauske E.M., Edwards J.H. 1997. Crop rotation effects on sweet potato yield and quality. Journal of Production Agriculture 10 (1): 70–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa199....
31.
Gurr G.M., Liu J., Johnson A.C., Woruba D.N., Kirchhof G., Fujinuma R., Sirabis W., Jeffery Y., Akkinapally R. 2016. Pests, diseases and crop protection practices in the smallholder sweetpotato production system of the highlands of Papua New Guinea. PeerJ. 4: e2703. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.....
32.
Hackman R.H., Pryo, M.G.M., Tod, A.R, 1948. The occurrence of phenolic substances in arthropods. Biochemical Journa. 43 (3): 474–477.
33.
Halder, B., Sultana, S., Akter, T., Begum, S., 2018. Life cycle, feeding behavior and nature of damage of sweet potato leaf moth, Agrius cingulata (Fabricius) and Agrius Convolvuli (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences. 27 (2): 125–134 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.....
34.
Halsch C.A., Shapiro A.M., Fordyce J.A., Nice C.C., Thorne J.H., Waetjen D.P., Forister M.L. 2021. Insects and recent climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118 (2): e2002543117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2....
35.
Heath R.R., Coffelt J.A., Sonnet P.E., Proshold F.I., Dueben B., Tumlinson J.H. 1986. Identification of sex pheromone produced by female sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers). Journal of Chemical Ecology 12 (6): 1489–1503. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0101....
36.
Huseth A.S., Groves R.L. 2014. Environmental fate of soil applied neonicotinoid insecticides in an irrigated potato agroecosystem. PLOS ONE 9 (5): e97081. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journa....
37.
Isa M., Kumano N., Tatsuta H. 2019. When a male perceives a female: the effect of waxy components on the body surface on decision-making in the invasive pest weevil. Royal Society Open Science 6 (2): 181542. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.1....
38.
Jacobson M., Redfern R.E., Jones W.A., Aldridge M.H. 1970. Sex pheromones of the southern armyworm moth: Isolation, identification, and synthesis. Science 170 (3957): 542–544. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/scienc....
39.
Jansson R.K., Raman K.V. 2019. Sweet potato pest management: A global perspective. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 458 pp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/978042....
40.
Kapsa J.S. 2008. Important threats in potato production and integrated pathogen/pest management. Potato Research 51 (3): 385–401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11540....
41.
Kariya K., Ube N., Ueno M., Teraishi M., Okumoto Y., Mori N., Ueno K., Ishihara A. 2020. Natural variation of diterpenoid phytoalexins in cultivated and wild rice species. Phytochemistry 180: 112518. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phyt....
42.
Katsuki M., Omae Y., Okada K., Kamura T., Matsuyama T., Haraguchi D., Kohama T., Miyatake T. 2012. Ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV LED) trap the West Indian sweet potato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 47 (3): 285–290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355....
43.
Kays S.J. 2005. Sweetpotato production worldwide: assessment, trends and the future. Acta Horticulturae (670): 19–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaH....
44.
Kumano N., Haraguchi D., Kohama T. 2009. Female mating status does not affect male mating behavior in the West Indian sweetpotato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 131 (1): 39–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570....
45.
Lugojja F., Ogenga-Latigo M.W., Smit N.E.J.M. 2001. Impact of defoliation on the agronomic performance of sweetpotato in Uganda. African Crop Science Journal 9 (1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v....
46.
Mansaray A., Sundufu A.J., Yilla K., Fomba S.N. 2013. Evaluation of cultural control practices in the management of sweetpotato weevil (Cylas puncticollis) Boheman (Colepotera: Curculionidae). QScience Connect 2013 (1): 44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5339/connec....
47.
Mclaughlin J.R., Tumlinson J.H., Mori K. 1991. Responses of male Diabrotica balteata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to stereoisomers of the sex pheromone 6,12-dimethylpentadecan-2-one. Journal of Economic Entomology 84 (1): 99–102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/84....
48.
McQuate G.T., Cossé A., Sylva C.D., MacKay J.A. 2019. Field evaluation of a binary sex pheromone for sweetpotato vine borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Hawaii. Journal of Insect Science 19 (1): 21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa....
49.
Melo R.A., Silva G.O., Vendrame L.P., Pilon L., Guimarães J.A., Amaro G.B. 2020. Evaluation of purple-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes for root yield, quality and pest resistance. Horticultura Brasileira 38: 439–444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-....
50.
Mihale M.J., Deng A.L., Selemani H.O., Kamatenesi M.M., Kidukuli A.W., Ogendo J.O. 2009. Use of indigenous knowledge in the management of field and storage pests around Lake Victoria basin in Tanzania. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 3 (9). DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ajest.....
51.
Mitchell E.R., Tumlinson J.H. 1973. An attractant for males of Spodoptera dolichos (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 66 (4): 917–918. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/6....
52.
Mithran, S., Subbaraman, A.S., 1999. Synthesis of (3Z)-Dodecenyl-(E)-2-butenoate, the Pheromone of Sweet Potato Weevil. Molecules. 4 (6): 159–164 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/406001....
53.
Molnar I., Rakosy-Tican E. 2021. Difficulties in potato pest control: The case of pyrethroids on colorado potato beetle. Agronomy 11 (10): 1920. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agrono....
54.
Musana P., Okonya J., Mujica N., Carhuapoma P., Kroschel J. 2016. Sweetpotato weevil, Cylas brunneus (Fabricius). DOI: https://doi.org/10.4160/978929....
55.
Muyinza H., Talwana H.L., Mwanga R.O.M., Stevenson P.C. 2012. Sweetpotato weevil (Cylas spp.) resistance in African sweetpotato germplasm. International Journal of Pest Management 58 (1): 73–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/096708....
56.
Nakamoto Y., Takushi J. 2001. Positive phototactic response of the West Indian Sweet Potato Weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to chemiluminescent light and effectiveness of the light source for attracting weevils in the field. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 45 (4): 212–214. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.....
57.
Navarro D.M. do A.F., Murta M.M., Duarte A.G., Lima I.S. de, Nascimento R.R. do, Sant’Ana A.E.G. 2002. Aspectos práticos relacionados ao uso do Rincoforol, o feromônio de agregação da Broca-do-olho-do-coqueiro Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleopterate: Curculionidae) no controle de pragas do coqueiro: análise de sua eficiência em campo. Química Nova 25: 32–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-....
58.
Oehlschlager A.C. 2016. Palm weevil pheromones – discovery and use. Journal of Chemical Ecology 42 (7): 617–630. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886....
59.
Ohno S., Haraguchi D., Kohama T. 2010. Determination of major host plants and seasonal changes in infestation frequency of the sweetpotato vine borer, Omphisa anastomosalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), on Kume Island, Okinawa. Applied Entomology and Zoology 45 (4): 587–592 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1303/aez.20....
60.
Okonya J.S., Mwanga R.O., Syndikus K., Kroschel J. 2014. Insect pests of sweetpotato in Uganda: farmers’ perceptions of their importance and control practices. SpringerPlus 3 (1): 303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1....
61.
Rabieh M. 2018. Biodiversity of noctuid moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the agroecosystems of Mashhad County. Biodiversity International Journal 2: 147–151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15406/bij.2....
62.
Reddy P.P. 2015. Sweet potato: Ipomoea batatas. p. 83–141. In: “Plant Protection in Tropical Root and Tuber Crops” (Reddy P.P., ed.). Springer India, New Delhi. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81....
63.
Salles L.A., Grutzmacher A.D. 1999. Eficiência do inseticida clorpirifós no controle de larvas de Diabrotica speciosa (Germ.) (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) na cultura da batata. Ciência Rural 29: 195–197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-....
64.
Santi F., Radeghieri P., Sigurtà G., Maini S. 2015. Sex pheromone traps for detection of the invasive box tree moth in Italy. Bulletin of Insectology 68.
65.
Sato Y., Kohama T. 2007. Post-copulatory Mounting Behavior of the West Indian Sweetpotato Weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Ethology. 113 (2): 183–189 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439....
66.
Shimoji Y. 2011. Effect of temperature on the development of the West Indian sweet potato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on an artificial diet. Applied Entomology and Zoology 46 (1): 51–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355....
67.
Skendžić S., Zovko M., Živković I.P., Lešić V., Lemić D. 2021. The impact of climate change on agricultural insect pests. Insects 12 (5): 440. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/insect....
68.
Skoglund L.G., Smit N.E.J.M. 1994. Major diseases and pests of sweetpotato in Eastern Africa. International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru, 67 pp.
69.
Sorensen K.A. 2009. Sweetpotato insects: Identification, biology and management. p. 161–188. In: “The Sweetpotato” (Loebenstein G., Thottappilly G., eds.). Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-....
70.
Sova M., Saso L. 2020. Natural sources, pharmacokinetics, biological activities and health benefits of hydroxycinnamic acids and their metabolites. Nutrients 12 (8): 2190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu1208....
71.
Stevenson P.C., Muyinza H., Hall D.R., Porter E.A., Farman D.I., Talwana H., Mwanga R.O.M. 2009. Chemical basis for resistance in sweetpotato Ipomoea batatas to the sweetpotato weevil Cylas puncticollis. Pure and Applied Chemistry 81 (1): 141–151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-CO....
72.
Uritani I., Saito T., Honda H., Kim W.K. 1975. Induction of furano-terpenoids in sweet potato roots by the larval components of the sweet potato weevils. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 39 (9): 1857–1862. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/000213....
73.
Vasquez E.A., Schmidt D., Zebitz C., Beifuss U., Klaiber I., Kroschel J., Patindol R. 2009. Sweetpotato weevil pheromones and their precursors: Dose-response and structure activity relationship in Cylas formicarius Fabr., Cylas brunneus Olivier and Cylas puncticollis Boheman. Annals of Tropical Research 31: 16–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32945/atr31....
74.
Wang Y., Kays S.J. 2002. Sweetpotato volatile chemistry in relation to sweetpotato weevil (Cylas formicarius) Behavior. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127 (4): 656–662. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS....
75.
Wakamura, S., Ohno, S., Arakaki, N., Kohama, T., Haraguchi, D., Yasui, H., 2010. Identification and field activity of the sex pheromone component of the sweetpotato vine borer moth Omphisa anastomosalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology. 45 (4): 635–640 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1303/aez.20....
76.
Wheeler T., von Braun J., 2013. Climate Change Impacts on Global Food Security. Science. 341 (6145): 508–513. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/scienc....
77.
Williams H.J., Silverstein R.M., Burkholder W.E., Khorramshahi A. 1981. Dominicalure 1 and 2: Components of aggregation pheromone from male lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology 7 (4): 759–780. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0099....
78.
Xiao Y., Zhu M., Gao S. 2022. Genetic and genomic research on sweet potato for sustainable food and nutritional security. Genes 13 (10): 1833. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/genes1....
79.
Yamamura K., Kiritani K. 1998. A simple method to estimate the potential increase in the number of generations under global warming in temperate zones. Applied Entomology and Zoology 33 (2): 289–298. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1303/aez.33....
80.
Yasin M. 2021. Impact of climate change on pests and disease incidence on agricultural crops: A global prospective. Academia Letters.
81.
Yasuda K., Sugie H., Heath R.R. 1992. Field evaluation of synthetic sex-attractant pheromone of the sweet-potato weevil Cylas formicarius Fabricius (Coleoptera: Brentidae). Field evaluation of synthetic sex-attractant pheromone of the sweet-potato weevil Cylas formicarius Fabricius (Coleoptera: Brentidae) 36 (2): 81–87.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 1899-007X |
| ISSN: | 1427-4345 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
