ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Application of rhizobacteria for induction of systemic resistance to bacterial blight of cotton caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum using fluorescent pseudomonads of rhizosphere
 
More details
Hide details
1
Department of Plant Pathology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karay, Iran
 
2
Physiology and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
 
 
Corresponding author
Vahid Fallahzadeh
Department of Plant Pathology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karay, Iran
 
 
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2009;49(4):416-420
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The ability of fluorescent pseudomonads of cotton rhizosphere of induction of systemic resistance (ISR) against bacterial blight of cotton was investigated. Of the 21 isolates tested, 19 were observed to increase the resistance of plants. This was demonstrated by a lower percentage of infected leaf area. On the basis of growth promotion and ISR induction ability, isolates 148, 35Q, 16Q and 113 were selected for further investigations. All isolates increased the resistance of plants, and per cent of infected area on leaves of these treatments were lower than those control of plants. Levels of peroxidase (PO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity in the leaves of bacterized plants with selected isolates were similar to that in control plants, but after inoculation of leaves with the pathogen, the amount of these enzymes increased in bacterized plants to high levels. The increase of enzyme activity in control plants was low after inoculation.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
 
REFERENCES (23)
1.
Ayers S.H., Rupp P., Johnson W.T. 1919. A study of the alkali-forming bacteria in milk. U. S. Dept. Agric. Bull., 782 pp. Bakker P.A.H.M., Pieterse C.M.J., Van Loon L.C. 2007. Induced systemic resistance by fluorescentPseudomonas spp. Phytopathology 97: 239–243.
 
2.
Bruce R.J., West C.A. 1989. Elicitation of lignin biosynthesis and isoperoxidase activity by pectic fragments in suspension cultures of castor bean. Plant Physiol. 91: 889–897.
 
3.
Dickerson D.P., Pascholati S.F., Hagerman A.E., Butler L.G., Nicholson R.L. 1984. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and hydroxycinnamate: CoA ligase in maize mesocotyls inoculated with Helminthosporium maydis or Helminthosporium carbonum. Physiol. Plant Pathol. 25:111–123.
 
4.
Dye D.W. 1968. A taxonomic study of the genus Erwinia. I. the “amylovora” group. N.Z. J. Sci. 11: 590–607.
 
5.
Emmert E.A.B., Handelsman J. 1999. Biocontrol of plant disease: A (Gram-) positive perspective. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 171: 1–9.Geels E.P., Schmidt E.D.L., Schippers B. 1985. The use of 8-hydroxyquinoline for the isolation and pre-qualification of plant growth-stimulating rhizosphere pseudomonads. Biology and Fertility of Soils 1: 167–173.
 
6.
Gross G.G. 1980. The biochemistry of lignification. Adv. Bot. Res. 8: 25–63.
 
7.
Haas D., Défago G. 2005. Biological control of soil-born pathogens by Fluorescent Pseudomonads. Nature Reviews Microbiology 3: 307–319.
 
8.
Hammerschmidt R., Nuckles E.M., Kuc J. 1982. Association of enhanced peroxidase activity with induced systemic resistance of cucumber to Colletotrichum lagenarium. Physiol. Plant Pathol. 20: 73–82.
 
9.
Howell C.R., and Stipanovic R.D. 1979. Control of Rhizoctonia solani on cotton seedlings with Pseudomonas fluorescens and with an antibiotic produced by the bacterium. Phytopathology 69: 480–482.
 
10.
Hussain T., Tahir M. 1993. Chemical control of bacterial blight of cotton. Pakistan J. Phytopathol. 5: 119–121.
 
11.
King E.O., Ward M.K., Raney D.E. 1954. Two simple media for the demonstration of pyocyanin and fluorescin. 1. Lab. Clin. Med. 44: 301–307.
 
12.
Klement Z. 1963. Rapid detection of the pathogenicity of phytopathogenic pseudomonads. Nature 199: 299–300.
 
13.
Kovacs N. 1956. Identification of Pseudomonas pyocyanea by the oxidase reaction. Nature 178, p. 703.
 
14.
Massala R., Legrand M., Fritig B. 1980. Effect of a-amino-oxyacetate, a competitive inhibitor of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, on the hypersensitive resistance of tobacco to tobacco mosaic virus. Physiol. Plant Pathol. 16: 213–226.
 
15.
Maurhofer M., Keel C., Haas D., D ́efago G. 1995. Influence of plant species on disease suppression by Pseudomonas fluorescens strain CHA0 with enhanced antibioticproduction. Plant Pathol. 44: 40–50.
 
16.
Maurhofer M., Hase C., Meuwly P. Métraux, J.P., Défago G. 1994. Induction of systemic resistance of tobacco to tobacco necrosis virus by the root-colonizing Pseudomonas fluorescens strain CHA0: Influence of the gacA gene and of pyoverdine production. Phytopathology 84:139–146.
 
17.
Park K.S., Kloepper J. W. 2000. Activation of PR-1a promoter by rhizobacteria which induce systemic resistance in tobacco against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. Biol. Control. 18: 2–9.
 
18.
Pieterse C.M.J., Van Wees S.C.M., Van Pelt J.A., Knoester M., Laan R., Gerrits H., Weisbeek P.J., Van Loon L.C. 1998. A novel signaling pathway controlling induced systemic resistance in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 10: 1571–1580.
 
19.
Pieterse C.M.J., Van Wees S.C.M., Hoffland E., Van Pelt J.A., Van Loon L.C. 1996. Systemic resistance in Arabidopsis induced by biocontrol bacteria is independent of salicylic acid and pathogenesis related gene expression. Plant Cell 8: 1225–1237.
 
20.
Schaad N.W., Jones J.B., Chun W. 2001. Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. 3rd ed. APS Press, MN, 373 pp.
 
21.
Sticher L., Mauch-Mani B., Métraux J.P. 1997. Systemic acquired resistance. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 35: 235–270.
 
22.
Thornley M.1. 1960. The differentiation of Pseudomonas from other Gram negative bacteria on the basis of arginine metabolism. Appl. Bacteriol. 1: 37–52.
 
23.
Van Peer R., Niemann G.J., Schippers B. 1991. Induced resistance and phytoalexin accumulation in biological control of Fusarium wilt of carnation by Pseudomonas sp. strain WCS417r. Phytopathology 81: 728–734.
 
eISSN:1899-007X
ISSN:1427-4345
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top